Simple Circuits

                                                         Circuit Diagram The most familiar form of switch is a manually operated electromechanical device with one or more sets of  electrical contacts , which are connected to external circuits. Each set of contacts can be in one of two states: either "closed" meaning the contacts are touching and electricity can flow between them, or "open", meaning the contacts are separated and the switch is nonconducting. The mechanism actuating the transition between these two states (open or closed) is usually (there are other types of actions) either an " alternate action " (flip the switch for continuous "on" or "off") or " momentary " (push for "on" and release for "off") type. A switch may be directly manipulated by a human as a control signal to a system, such as a computer keyboard button, or to control power flow in a circuit, such as a  light switch . Automatica

                                                                                                Circuit Diagram   An   electrical network   is an interconnection of   electrical   components   (e.g.,   batteries ,   resistors ,   inductors ,   capacitors ,   switches ,   transistors ) or a model of such an interconnection, consisting of   electrical elements   (e.g.,   voltage sources ,   current sources ,   resistances ,   inductances ,   capacitances ). An   electrical circuit   is a network consisting of a closed loop, giving a return path for the current.   Linear   electrical networks, a special type consisting only of sources (voltage or current), linear lumped elements (resistors, capacitors, inductors), and linear distributed elements (transmission lines), have the property that signals are   linearly superimposable . They are thus more easily analyzed, using powerful   frequency domain   methods such as   Laplace transforms , to determine   DC response ,   AC response , and